ABSTRACT
Resumen Introducción: La piomiositis es la infección del músculo esquelético, entidad poco frecuente en pediatría. Objetivo: Describir las características de 21 niños con piomiositis. Métodos: Estudio prospectivo-analítico de niños ingresados con diagnóstico de piomiositis entre mayo de 2016 y abril de 2017 en el Hospital de Niños Ricardo Gutiérrez, Buenos Aires, Argentina. Resultados: Tasa de hospitalización de 21,5/10.000 admisiones (IC 95% 4,65- 71,43). La mediana de edad fue de 5,4 años (rango 1,25-11,6). El 90,4% presentaba algún factor predisponente. La localización más frecuente fue en miembros inferiores. La proteína C reactiva (PCR) estuvo elevada en todos los pacientes, con una media de 124 mg/L (DS 96), siendo significativamente más elevada en los pacientes que tuvieron hemocultivos positivos 206 (DS 101) vs 98 (DS 81), (p = 0,02). Se obtuvo rescate microbiológico en 17 pacientes (80,9%): Staphylococcus aureus resistente a meticilina (SARM) (n: 15) y Streptococcus pyogenes (n: 2). Se presentó con bacteriemia 23,8% de los pacientes. El 81% requirió drenaje quirúrgico. Conclusión: Staphylococcus aureus RM adquirido en la comunidad (SARMAC) es el patógeno predominante. En la selección del tratamiento empírico adecuado debería tenerse en cuenta: el patrón de resistencia local y el valor de PCR.
Background: Pyomyositis is the infection of skeletal muscle, a rare pathology in children. Aim To describe the characteristics of pyomyositis in pediatric patients. Methods: Prospective analytical study of hospitalized children diagnosed with pyomyositis from May 2016 to April 2017 at the Ricardo Gutiérrez Children's Hospital, Buenos Aires, Argentina. Results: Twenty-one patients with pyomyositis were identified. Annual rate: 21.5/10,000 admissions (95% CI 4.65-71.43). The median age was 5.4 years (range 1.25-11.6). The lower limbs were the most affected site. C-reactive protein (CRP) was elevated in all patients, with a mean of 124 mg/L (SD 96), being significantly higher in patients with bacteremia: 206 (DS 101) vs 98 (DS 81), p = 0.02. Bacterial cultures were positive in 17/21 (80.9%): 15 methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), and 2 Streptococcus pyogenes. Blood cultures were positive in 5 (23.8%). Conclusion: MRSA-community acquired is the predominant pathogen in our setting. In the selection of the appropriate empirical treatment, the local resistance pattern and the CRP value should be taken into account.
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Infant , Child, Preschool , Child , Staphylococcal Infections/diagnosis , Bacteremia/diagnosis , Pyomyositis/diagnosis , Argentina , Staphylococcal Infections/microbiology , Staphylococcal Infections/drug therapy , C-Reactive Protein/analysis , Clindamycin/therapeutic use , Vancomycin/therapeutic use , Drainage , Prospective Studies , Ultrasonography , Bacteremia/microbiology , Bacteremia/drug therapy , Lower Extremity , Pyomyositis/microbiology , Pyomyositis/drug therapy , Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus/isolation & purification , Hospitals, Pediatric , Anti-Bacterial Agents/therapeutic useABSTRACT
Resumo A piomiosite é uma infecção piogênica da musculatura esquelética, decorrente da disseminação hematogênica e geralmente acompanhada de formação de abscesso localizado. Esta infecção da musculatura é raramente descrita em adultos com lúpus eritematoso sistêmico (LES) e, até onde se sabe, ainda não o foi em pacientes com LES juvenil (LESJ). De nossos 289 pacientes com LESJ, uma apresentou piomiosite. Diagnosticada com LESJ aos 10 anos de idade e após seis anos de tratamento com prednisona, azatioprina e hidroxicloroquina, a paciente foi hospitalizada em razão de um histórico de 30 dias de dor insidiosa na coxa esquerda, sem relato algum de trauma aparente ou febre. O exame físico mostrou músculos sensíveis e com endurecimento lenhoso. Os exames laboratoriais revelaram anemia, aumento de reagentes de fase aguda e enzimas musculares normais. A tomografia computadorizada da coxa esquerda mostrou coleção no terço médio do vasto intermédio, sugerindo estágio purulento de piomiosite. Iniciou-se tratamento com antibiótico de largo espectro, que levou à resolução clínica completa. Em suma, descreveu-se o primeiro caso de piomiosite em pacientes com LESJ encontrado neste serviço. Este relato reforça que a presença de dor muscular localizada em pacientes imunocomprometidos, ainda que sem aumento de enzimas musculares, deve sugerir o diagnóstico de piomiosite. Recomenda-se tratamento imediato com antibióticos.
Abstract Pyomyositis is a pyogenic infection of skeletal muscle that arises from hematogenous spread and usually presents with localized abscess. This muscle infection has been rarely reported in adult-onset systemic lupus erythematous and, to the best of our knowledge, has not been diagnosed in pediatric lupus population. Among our childhood-onset systemic lupus erythematous population, including 289 patients, one presented pyomyositis. This patient was diagnosed with childhood-onset systemic lupus erythematous at the age of 10 years-old. After six years, while being treated with prednisone, azathioprine and hydroxychloroquine, she was hospitalized due to a 30-day history of insidious pain in the left thigh and no apparent trauma or fever were reported. Her physical examination showed muscle tenderness and woody induration. Laboratory tests revealed anemia, increased acute phase reactants and normal muscle enzymes. Computer tomography of the left thigh showed collection on the middle third of the vastus intermedius, suggesting purulent stage of pyomyositis. Treatment with broad-spectrum antibiotic was initiated, leading to a complete clinical resolution. In conclusion, we described the first case of pyomyositis during childhood in pediatric lupus population. This report reinforces that the presence of localized muscle pain in immunocompromised patients, even without elevation of muscle enzymes, should raise the suspicion of pyomyositis. A prompt antibiotic therapy is strongly recommended.
Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Child , Immunocompromised Host , Pyomyositis/complications , Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic/complications , Abscess/complications , Pyomyositis/diagnosis , Pyomyositis/drug therapy , Hydroxychloroquine/therapeutic use , Anti-Bacterial Agents/therapeutic useABSTRACT
Pyomyositis (PM) is an uncommon pyogenic infection of skeletal muscle and, when not properly treated, it can progress to a high-risk clinical situation with high mortality. Because it usually has a subacute presentation, diagnosis is often delayed. We present two cases of PM of the paraspinal muscles in healthy children and discuss the current state of knowledge of this disease.
La piomiositis (PM) es una infección piógena infrecuente del músculo estriado y, cuando no es tratada adecuadamente, puede evolucionar hasta una situación clínica de alto riesgo vital. Debido a su presentación usualmente subaguda, el diagnóstico es a menudo tardío. Presentamos dos casos clínicos de PM de la musculatura paraespinal en escolares sanos y se describe el estado actual del conocimiento de esta enfermedad.
Subject(s)
Child , Female , Humans , Male , Pyomyositis/diagnosis , Staphylococcus aureus , Staphylococcal Infections/diagnosis , Anti-Bacterial Agents/therapeutic use , Cloxacillin/therapeutic use , Lumbosacral Region , Pyomyositis/drug therapy , Staphylococcal Infections/drug therapyABSTRACT
The authors describe the first case of Salmonella serogroup D gas-forming femoral osteomyelitis and pyomyositis in a 51-year-old man with non-Hodgkin lymphoma. The patient was successfully treated with surgical debridement as well as clindamycin plus ceftriaxone, and then switched to ciprofloxacin. However, he eventually died due to multidrug-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii pneumonia. In addition, five cases of Salmonella gas-forming pyomyositis in the literature were reviewed.
Subject(s)
Acinetobacter Infections , Ceftriaxone/therapeutic use , Ciprofloxacin/therapeutic use , Clindamycin/therapeutic use , Cross Infection , Fatal Outcome , Humans , Lymphoma, Non-Hodgkin/physiopathology , Male , Middle Aged , Osteomyelitis/drug therapy , Pyomyositis/drug therapy , Salmonella Infections/complicationsABSTRACT
Background: Pyomyositis is a bacterial infection of skeletal muscle. Although more commonly seen in the tropics, it is increasingly recognized in temperate regions. The age distribution for patients with so called "tropical" or "temperate" pyomyositis differs. Most cases of tropical pyomyositis are seen in otherwise healthy patients and mainly in children, while the majority of cases of temperate pyomyositis occur in inmunocompromised adults. Aim: To report a series of patients with pyomyositis. Material and Methods: Retrospective review of clinical records of patients admitted to our hospital with pyomyositis during the period 1996-2001. Results: Seventeen patients were identified, aged from 5 to 86 years old, nine (53%) males. Staphylococcus aureus (13 cases, 76%) was the most common infecting organism. Eleven patients (65%) had a history of previous trauma. All patients were immunocompetent. Six patients underwent surgical drainage. Six patients (35%) presented complications and of those, one died. Conclusions: All patients of this series were immunocompetent. Pyomyositis is a serious and life threatening disease but curable. An early treatment is the key to a better prognosis.